What are the Risk Factors for Alzheimer's Disease?
Main Article Content
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, Dementia, Texas
Abstract
N/A
References
1. Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Statistics. (2022). Fisher Center for Alzheimer's Research Foundation. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.alzinfo.org/understand-alzheimers/alzheimers-disease-facts-and-statistics/
2. Soria Lopez JA, González HM, Léger GC. Alzheimer's disease. Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;167:231-255. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-804766-8.00013-3. PMID: 31753135.
3. Breijyeh Z, Karaman R. Comprehensive Review on Alzheimer's Disease: Causes and Treatment. Molecules. 2020 Dec 8;25(24):5789. doi: 10.3390/molecules25245789. PMID: 33302541; PMCID: PMC7764106.
4. A. Armstrong R. Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Folia Neuropathol. 2019;57(2):87-105. doi: 10.5114/fn.2019.85929. PMID: 31556570.
Mayo Clinic. (2021, April 29). Alzheimer's stages: How the disease progresses. Mayo Clinic.https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/alzheimers-stages/art-20048448#:~:text=There%20are%20five%20stages%20associated,dementia%20due%20to%20Alzheimer's%20disease.
6. Alzheimer's Association. (n.d.). Alzheimer's Stages - Early, Middle, Late Dementia Symptoms | alz.org. Alzheimer's Association. Retrieved June 29, 2022, from https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/stages
7. Silva, M.V.F., Loures, C.d.M.G., Alves, L.C.V. et al. Alzheimer’s disease: risk factors and potentially protective measures. J Biomed Sci 26, 33 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-019-0524-y
8. Muñoz, S.S., Garner, B. & Ooi, L. Understanding the Role of ApoE Fragments in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurochem Res 44, 1297–1305 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-2629-
9. Serrano-Pozo, A. (2021, January 01). ScienceDirect. 20(1), 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30412-9
10. Munoz, S. (2018, September 17). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-2629-1
11. Cacace, R. (2016). Alzheimer's and Dementia, 12(6), 733-738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2016.01.012
12. Fortea, J., Zaman, S. H., Hartley, S., Rafii, M. S., Head, E., & Carmona-Iragui, M. (2021). Alzheimer's disease associated with Down syndrome: a genetic form of dementia. The Lancet. Neurology, 20(11), 930–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00245-3
13. Budson, A. E. (2020, July 3). Does air pollution cause Alzheimer’s disease? https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/does-air-pollution-cause-alzheimers-disease-2020072320627
14. Puckering, K. (2020, January 13). All you need to know about smoking and dementia. https://www.alzheimersresearchuk.org/blog/all-you-need-to-know-about-smoking-and-dementia/#:~:text=A%202019%20Lancet%20Commission%20on,likely%20to%20develop%20Alzheimer's%20disease.
15. Gersema, E. (2017, June 12). Poor diet, plus Alzheimer’s gene, may fuel the disease. https://news.usc.edu/122919/poor-diet-plus-alzheimers-gene-may-fuel-the-disease/#:~:text=A%20diet%20high%20in%20cholesterol,a%20new%20USC%20study%20indicates.
16. Pratt, E. (2021, June 28). How Chronic Stress May Increase the Likelihood of Developing Alzheimer’s Disease. https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-chronic-stress-may-increase-the-likelihood-of-developing-alzheimers-disease#The-role-stress-may-play
17. Haussmann, R., Ganske, S., Gruschwitz, A., Werner, A., Osterrath, A., Lange, J., Buthut, M., Donix, K. L., Linn, J., & Donix, M. (2018). Family History of Alzheimer's Disease and Subjective Memory Performance. American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 33(7), 458–462.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29734820/
18. National Institute Aging. (2019, December 24). Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Fact Sheet | National Institute on Aging. National Institute on Aging. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet
19. Kean, B., & Sinha, S. (2020, June 3). At-Home SAGE Test for Alzheimer's and Dementia Detection. Everyday Health. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.everydayhealth.com/alzheimers-disease/all-about-the-sage-test-for-alzheimers-and-dementia-detection/
20. Baglietto-Vargas, D., Shi, J., Yaeger, D. M., Ager, R., & LaFerla, F. M. (2016). Diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease crosstalk. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 64(Complete), 272–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.005
21. Picone, P., Di Carlo, M., & Nuzzo, D. (2020). Obesity and Alzheimer's disease: Molecular bases. The European journal of neuroscience, 52(8), 3944–3950. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14758
22. Pugazhenthi, S., Qin, L., & Reddy, P. H. (2017). Common neurodegenerative pathways in obesity, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 1863(5), 1037–1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.04.017
23. Ramos-Cejudo, J., Wisniewski, T., Marmar, C., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., de Leon, M. J., & Fossati, S. (2018). Traumatic Brain
Injury and Alzheimer's Disease: The Cerebrovascular Link. EBioMedicine, 28, 21–30.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.021
24. Alzheimer's association. (n.d.). Traumatic Brain Injury. Alzheimer's Association. Retrieved 06 30, 2022, from https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/traumatic-brain-injury#:~:text=Within%20hours%20after%20injury%2C%20severe,tau%20protein%2C%20another%20Alzheimer%27s%20hallmark
25. Miller, j. (2021). Brain changes following traumatic brain injury share similarities with Alzheimer’s disease. Jesse Miller. https://news.usc.edu/185354/traumatic-brain-injury-tbi-alzheimers-disease-usc-research
26. Alzheimer's Disease Statistics. (2022, June 3). Texas Department of State Health Services. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.dshs.texas.gov/alzheimers/statistics.shtm
27. Weller, J., & Budson, A. (2018). Current understanding of Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment. F1000Research, 7, F1000 Faculty Rev-1161. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14506.1
28. Chancellor, B., Duncan, A., & Chatterjee, A. (2014). Art therapy for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Journal of Alzheimer's disease: JAD, 39(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-131295
2. Soria Lopez JA, González HM, Léger GC. Alzheimer's disease. Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;167:231-255. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-804766-8.00013-3. PMID: 31753135.
3. Breijyeh Z, Karaman R. Comprehensive Review on Alzheimer's Disease: Causes and Treatment. Molecules. 2020 Dec 8;25(24):5789. doi: 10.3390/molecules25245789. PMID: 33302541; PMCID: PMC7764106.
4. A. Armstrong R. Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease. Folia Neuropathol. 2019;57(2):87-105. doi: 10.5114/fn.2019.85929. PMID: 31556570.
Mayo Clinic. (2021, April 29). Alzheimer's stages: How the disease progresses. Mayo Clinic.https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/alzheimers-stages/art-20048448#:~:text=There%20are%20five%20stages%20associated,dementia%20due%20to%20Alzheimer's%20disease.
6. Alzheimer's Association. (n.d.). Alzheimer's Stages - Early, Middle, Late Dementia Symptoms | alz.org. Alzheimer's Association. Retrieved June 29, 2022, from https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/stages
7. Silva, M.V.F., Loures, C.d.M.G., Alves, L.C.V. et al. Alzheimer’s disease: risk factors and potentially protective measures. J Biomed Sci 26, 33 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-019-0524-y
8. Muñoz, S.S., Garner, B. & Ooi, L. Understanding the Role of ApoE Fragments in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurochem Res 44, 1297–1305 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-2629-
9. Serrano-Pozo, A. (2021, January 01). ScienceDirect. 20(1), 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(20)30412-9
10. Munoz, S. (2018, September 17). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-2629-1
11. Cacace, R. (2016). Alzheimer's and Dementia, 12(6), 733-738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2016.01.012
12. Fortea, J., Zaman, S. H., Hartley, S., Rafii, M. S., Head, E., & Carmona-Iragui, M. (2021). Alzheimer's disease associated with Down syndrome: a genetic form of dementia. The Lancet. Neurology, 20(11), 930–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00245-3
13. Budson, A. E. (2020, July 3). Does air pollution cause Alzheimer’s disease? https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/does-air-pollution-cause-alzheimers-disease-2020072320627
14. Puckering, K. (2020, January 13). All you need to know about smoking and dementia. https://www.alzheimersresearchuk.org/blog/all-you-need-to-know-about-smoking-and-dementia/#:~:text=A%202019%20Lancet%20Commission%20on,likely%20to%20develop%20Alzheimer's%20disease.
15. Gersema, E. (2017, June 12). Poor diet, plus Alzheimer’s gene, may fuel the disease. https://news.usc.edu/122919/poor-diet-plus-alzheimers-gene-may-fuel-the-disease/#:~:text=A%20diet%20high%20in%20cholesterol,a%20new%20USC%20study%20indicates.
16. Pratt, E. (2021, June 28). How Chronic Stress May Increase the Likelihood of Developing Alzheimer’s Disease. https://www.healthline.com/health-news/how-chronic-stress-may-increase-the-likelihood-of-developing-alzheimers-disease#The-role-stress-may-play
17. Haussmann, R., Ganske, S., Gruschwitz, A., Werner, A., Osterrath, A., Lange, J., Buthut, M., Donix, K. L., Linn, J., & Donix, M. (2018). Family History of Alzheimer's Disease and Subjective Memory Performance. American journal of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, 33(7), 458–462.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29734820/
18. National Institute Aging. (2019, December 24). Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Fact Sheet | National Institute on Aging. National Institute on Aging. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-genetics-fact-sheet
19. Kean, B., & Sinha, S. (2020, June 3). At-Home SAGE Test for Alzheimer's and Dementia Detection. Everyday Health. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.everydayhealth.com/alzheimers-disease/all-about-the-sage-test-for-alzheimers-and-dementia-detection/
20. Baglietto-Vargas, D., Shi, J., Yaeger, D. M., Ager, R., & LaFerla, F. M. (2016). Diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease crosstalk. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 64(Complete), 272–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.03.005
21. Picone, P., Di Carlo, M., & Nuzzo, D. (2020). Obesity and Alzheimer's disease: Molecular bases. The European journal of neuroscience, 52(8), 3944–3950. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14758
22. Pugazhenthi, S., Qin, L., & Reddy, P. H. (2017). Common neurodegenerative pathways in obesity, diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 1863(5), 1037–1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.04.017
23. Ramos-Cejudo, J., Wisniewski, T., Marmar, C., Zetterberg, H., Blennow, K., de Leon, M. J., & Fossati, S. (2018). Traumatic Brain
Injury and Alzheimer's Disease: The Cerebrovascular Link. EBioMedicine, 28, 21–30.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.01.021
24. Alzheimer's association. (n.d.). Traumatic Brain Injury. Alzheimer's Association. Retrieved 06 30, 2022, from https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/related_conditions/traumatic-brain-injury#:~:text=Within%20hours%20after%20injury%2C%20severe,tau%20protein%2C%20another%20Alzheimer%27s%20hallmark
25. Miller, j. (2021). Brain changes following traumatic brain injury share similarities with Alzheimer’s disease. Jesse Miller. https://news.usc.edu/185354/traumatic-brain-injury-tbi-alzheimers-disease-usc-research
26. Alzheimer's Disease Statistics. (2022, June 3). Texas Department of State Health Services. Retrieved June 30, 2022, from https://www.dshs.texas.gov/alzheimers/statistics.shtm
27. Weller, J., & Budson, A. (2018). Current understanding of Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and treatment. F1000Research, 7, F1000 Faculty Rev-1161. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14506.1
28. Chancellor, B., Duncan, A., & Chatterjee, A. (2014). Art therapy for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Journal of Alzheimer's disease: JAD, 39(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-131295
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Aug 6, 2022
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